Combat Action Reports

AVIC-WE 10 May1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

Section I - Operations Page

Introduction 1

Organization 2

Intelligence 2

Combat Operations and Training 10

Combat Support 16

Combat Service Support 20

Personnel and Administration 23

Psychological Operations 27

Civic Action 27

Information 30

Base Camp Development 31

Section II - Lessons Learned

Operations 33

Intelligence 34

Logistics 35

Organization 36

Communications 37

Medical 38

Base Camp Development 38

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

INDEX OF INCLOSURES

1. Organizational Structure

*2. Rosters of Commanders and Key Officers

3. OPCON Status of Units

4. Army Aviation Statistical Summary

5. Air Force Statistical Summary

*6. Post Exchange Statistical Summary

*7. Sketch, Order of Battle

9. Sketch, Operations

*10. Map, 1:250,000, Area of Operations

* Withdrawn, Hq, DA

DEPARMENT OF THE ARMY

HEADQUARTERS, 11TH ARMORED CAVALRY REGIMENT

APO SAN FRANCISCO 96257

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

SEE DISTRIBUTION

SECTION I - OPERATIONS

Significant Activities

1. (C) INTRODUCTION: This Operational Report - Lessons Learned covers

3. (C) INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES:

(1) Viet Cong Sub-Region E-l

(2) Viet Cong Sub-Region E-2

(3) Viet Cong Sub-Region E-4

(4) Viet Cong Sub-Region E-5

(5) Viet Cong Ba Bien Province

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

(6) Viet Cong U-1 Province

(7) War Zone "D"

b. Order or Battle: (See Sketch--Order of Battle, Incl 8.)

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

(a) 1st Battalion, 272nd VC Regiment, 9th VC Division

(b) 2nd Battalion, 272nd VC Regiment, 9th VC Division

(c) 1st Battalion, 274th VC Regiment, 5th VC Division

(d) 2nd Battalion, 274th VC Regiment, 5th VC Division

(e) 3rd Battalion, 274th VC Regiment, 5th VC Division

(f) 267th MF Battalion

(g) 269th MF Battalion

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6

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8

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e. Enemy Losses:

(a) 651 VC KIA (BC)

(b) 10 VC KIA (Poss)

(c) 16 VC POW

(d) 8 Detainees

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b. Area of Operations: Operations this quarter were conducted entirely within the III Corp Tactical Zone and covered six different provinces(Long Khanh, Bien Hoa, Gia Dinh, Hau Nghia, Binh Duong, and Phuoc Long).

(See Operational Sketch, Incl 9 and 10)

c. Operations:

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

Feb when they became OPCON to the 25th Infantry Division. On 1 Mar the

squadron minus was released OPCON to the 25th Infantry Division and placed

in direct support of the 25th ARVN Division. The squadron established Fire

Support Base Buffalo vicinity XS5697 and began working in close coordina-

tion and cooperation with the 25th ARVN Division, conducting reconnaissance

in force operations and joint ambush patrols nightly. The squadron contin-

ued to operate in this general location throughout the remainder of Opera-

tion ADAIRSVILLE, releasing Troop K OPCON to the 199th Light Infantry Bri-

gade from 10-17 Mar. On 18 Mar Troop K was placed OPCON to 1st Squadron,

11th ACR. The 3rd Squadron, conducting operations jointly with elements

of the 25th ARVN Division, had almost daily contact with varying size en-

emy forces inflicting heavy losses of personnel and equipment on both lo-

cal force and main force VC units throughout the remainder of Operation

ADAIRSVILLE. The harmony and cooperation with which the two forces worked

together in combat indicated the proficiency which can be attained by US

and ARVN units working together.

(2) Operation ALCORN COVE (21 Mar - 7 Apr) involved security op-

erations in and around Blackhorse Base Camp (YS4496) and the Long Binh/

Bien Hoa complex and providing regimental units in direct support of the

18th ARVN Infantry Division and the 25th ARVN Infantry Division. The 2nd

Squadron became OPCON to the 1st Infantry Division at 220600H Mar 68 and

remained OPCON until 6 Apr. Missions of the 1st Squadron reinforced in-

included pruviding one troop minus in direct support of the 18th ARVN In-

fantry Division, providing screening forces for the security of Black-

horse Base Camp, conducting offensive operations against enemy forces in

areas adjacent to Blackhcrse Base Camp, providing one platoon for security

of Gia Ray Rock Quarry (YS6211), providing reaction forces for convoys on

Highway 1 between Blackhorse Base Camp and Long Binh, providing one troop

for conduct and security of land clearing operations along Highway 1, pro-

viding one platoon OPOON to Hq, Commandant, II FFV, as a reaction force in

defense of Hq, II FFV, and providing one platoon for security of the Dong

Nai River bridge at YT015055. The 3rd squadron was placed in direct sup-

port of the 25th ARVN Infantry Division to conduct operations in the 25th

ARVN Division TAOR in close cooperation and coordination with ARVN forces.

During ALCORN COVE security operations, the 1st Squadron had no signifi-

cant contact with enemy forces. Sporadic sniping and mining incidents

continued to occur in the Regimental TAOI in addition to sporadic contacts

with squad size VC forces. The major accomplishment during Operation

ALCORN COVE in the Blackhorse TAOI was the clearing operation along Na-

tional Highway 1. More than 1,100 acres of jungle vegetation were cleared

from the sides of the highway by land clearing teams of the 2Oth Engineer

Brigade. Troop K OPCON to the lst Squadron provided security for the en-

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

gineer Rome Plow teams. The clearing operation denied the VC use of the

road for taxation purposes by removing any concealment they may have

gained from the vegetation. The operation also denied the VC ambush

sites and enhanced overall security of the highway from Long Binh to

Xuan Loc. The 3rd Squadron operating in close cooperation and coordina-

tion with the 25th ARVN Infantry Division dealt heavy blows to the enemy

in several contacts during Operation ALCORN COVE. ALCORN COVE was a suc-

cessful operation. Simultaneously clearing routes and conducting offen-

sive operations against the enemy, the regiment made good progress in

opening roads and establishing rapport with ARVN units in joint operations

while inflicting heavy losses on the enemy.

(3) Operation TOAN THANG (8 - 30 Apr) was initially an extension

of all missions of ALCCRN COVE. The 2nd Squadron returned to Blackhorse

Base Camp on 6 Apr under regimental control and subsequently assumed all

missions of the 1st Squadron (see para (2) above) on 10 Apr. The 1st

Squadron conducted maintenance and training in preparation for future

operations from 10-14 Apr. On 11 Apr the 3rd Squadron was released from

the mission of direct support to the 25th ARVN Division and conducted a

tactical road march during the hours of darkness from Fire Support Base

Buffalo vicinity Duc Hoa (XS5996) to Blackhorse Base Camp (YS4396) via

Saigon and Long Binh. From ll-14 Apr the squadron conducted maintenance

and training in preparation for future operations. At 150200H Apr the

Blackhorse Regiment minus the 2nd Squadron commenced a move that covered

over 115 miles through dense jungle, bamboo thickets, and unimproved roads

for operations targeted on enemy forces and logistical activities deep

into VC Military Region 10. Moving along an axis through Long Binh, Phu

Cuong (XT8214), Phuoc Vinh (XT9548), Don Xoai (YT0375), Bunard (YT2789),

the regiment minus moved at will through enemy dominated areas, seizing ob-

jective 1 at Tap Tak (YU2000) and objective 2 at Bunard. The regiment

minus, reinforced with the 1st Battalion, 18th Infantry, 1st Infantry

Division, then began reconnaissance in force operations in AO Allons,

having daily contact with small groups of enemy of no significant size.

Numerous enemy base camps were located and destroyed in the area of opera-

tions. Operating in extremely rough jungle terrain, the Cavalry again

demonstrated its determination to accomplish the mission. Armored Vehicle

Launched Bridges were continuously employed to cross streams and ravines

in the area. A major VC supply road was located and as plans were being

formulated for its permanent interdiction, the regiment received orders

from Hq, II FFV, changing its mission. Again demonstrating the inherent

mobility and flexibility of armor, the regiment minus quickly evacuated

stockpiled supplies assisted by C-130 aircraft, CH-47 helicopters and CH

54 Sky Cranes and canmenced the move to the new AO. The 3rd Squadron on

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

22 Apr departed on a mission OPCON to the lst Infantry Division and moved

rapidly to Phu Loi (XT8616) for future operations. The regiment minus

attacked south from Dong Xoai (YT0375) to destroy VC/NVA forces in the new

area, AO Peach, deep in War Zone D. After penetrating War Zone D with

negative enemy contact, the Regimental Farward CP was relocated on the

banks of the Dong Nai River vicinity YT253280. The 1st Battalion, 18th

Infantry, conducted an airmobile assault into AO Peach vicinity YT310260

and secured the southern bank of the Dong Nai River in preparation for a

deliberate river crossing by the Blackhorse Regiment minus. The 1st Bat-

talion, l8th Infantry, reinforced by elements of the 2nd Squadron which

moved into AO Peach from Blackhorse Base Camp via Highways 1 and 20, se-

cured A Company, 168th Engineer Battalion, bridging operations across the

Dong Nai River. The 1St Squadron conducted reconnaissance in force opera-

tions in AO Peach locating eight enemy bunker complexes and capturing

valuab1e equipment and ammunition supplies. On 25 Apr the 900-foot float

bridge was completed and at 0605H the Blackhorse Regiment minus began

crossing and continued its march into the Long Binh/Bien Hoa area to pro-

vide security and ready reaction forces in the wake of intelligence infor-

mation indicating a renewed offensive by major VC/NVA units. Missions

included securing Widow's Village (YT0511), III Corps Prisoner of War Com-

pound (YTO412), the Dong Nai River bridge (YT0105), and providing ready

reaction forces to Hq, II FFV, for employment anywhere in the Long Binh/Bien

Hoa area. On 26 Apr Task Force 1-18th Infantry was released OPCON, and

operations in AO Peach ceased. The regiment minus remained in the Long

Binh/Dien Hoa complex continuing OPCON to II FFV as part of Campaign TOAN

THANG. The 3rd Squadron minus remained OPCON to the 1st Infantry Division

at Phu Loi with I Troop OPCON to the 25th Infantry Division vicinity XT607148. The 2nd Squadron continued operations from Blackhorse Base Camp as the re-

reporting period ended.

(4) Operation KITTYHAWK (15 Feb 67 - 21 Mar 68) was a continuing operation consisting of the pacification and security of Long Khanh Province, the security of Blackhorse Base Camp, and the escort of logistical convoys

within the Blackhorse TAOR. This operation, which was initiated 15 Feb 67

under guidance provided by II Field Force, Vietnam, Campaign Plan for 1967,

was terminated on 21 Mar. The missions listed in previous Operational Re-

reports - Lessons Learned under Operation KITTYHAWK were incorporated in Op-

eration ALCORN COVE and TOAN THANG during this reporting period.

d. Training:

(1) Unit training, maintenance, on the job training, and weapons

familiarization and zeroing were conducted throughout the quarter. A spe-

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

cial course of instruction was conducted to familiarize the tank crews

with the M48A2 tanks which arrived during the quarter.

(2) Replacement training was conducted throughout the quarter to prepare new replacements to assume their duties as cavalry troopers. The

training was conducted in a six-day cycle. Monthly attendance during thc

quarter was as follows:

February 176

March 221

April 28l

(3) In addition to the normal replacement school training, tenant

units of Blackhorse Base Camp sent personnel to familiarization classes

in the function and operation of the Cal. .50 machinegun. This instruc-

tion was offered to improve the operation and maintenance of the Cal. .50

machineguns used in perimeter defense.

(4) A special course of instruction on the Ml6 rifle was conducted during the month of March for unit armorers. Fifty-five personnel attended.

(5) Specialized Training:

(a) Recondo School: The regiment sent 12 personnel from the

Air Cavalry Troop (Aero-Rifle Platoon) to the MACV Recondo School.

(b) NCO Academy: The 9th Division NCO Academy provides basic techniques of military instruction and leadership traits to the NCO's and

potential NCO's of the regiment. During the quarter, 33 Blackhorse person-

nel attended the academy.

(c) Jungle Environment Survival School: A three-day course

at Clark Air Force Base, Philippine Islands, was made available

to aviation personnel of the regiment. During the quarter, three aviators

attended the course.

(d) Aircraft Maintenance: The Army Maintenance Technical As-

sistance Program (AAMTAP) School, 765th Transportation Group, Vung Tau, ad-

ministered in-country training to 17 mechanics from the regiment and attached units during the quarter.

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

5. (C) COMBAT SUPPORT:

a. Artillery

(1) General: The organic howitzer batteries of each squadron pro-

vided close and continuous artillery support throughout the quarter. In

addition reinforcing artillery support was utilized on the following occa-

sions: Elements of the 1st Infantry Division Artillery at Lal Khe provided

convoy coverage along National Highway 13 during the regiment's tactical

road march of 31 jan 1 Feb to the Long Binh-Bien Hoa area in response to

the TET offensive; the 199th Light Infantry Brigade also provided artillery

support in the Long Binh area; the organic artillery elements of the 25th

Infantry Division (ARVN) supported the 3rd Squadron during Operation ADAIRS-

VILLE; the 54th Artillery Group provided continuous coverage for the logis-

tical convoys between Long Binh and the Blackhorse Base Camp.

(2) Missions: The following type missions were fired during the

reporting period:

(a) Defensive Concentrations

(b) Observer Adjusted

(c) Harassing and Interdicting

(d) Navigational (Marking) Rounds

(e) Preparations

(f) Preplanned Fires on Call

(g) ARVN Support

(3) Anununition Expended: 155 ammunition expended by organic bat-

teries during the quarter was:

HE Illumination WP Smoke(Yellow)

February 8324 5 140 34

March 7943 579 410 130

April 8052 1084 255 278

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968 SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

(4) New Techniques: During this quarter, maximum benefit was de-

rived from coordination visits to ARVN and Province Headquarters obtain-

ing Specified Strike Zones for the 11th ACR Area of Operations. Using

Specified Strike Zones, the need for ARVN, or Province Civil Clearance

was eliminated, allowing fires requested by the supported commander to

be delivered with minimum delay.

b. Army Aviation:

(1) Employment: The army aviation elements supported the regiment

with 15 OH-23G, 12 UH-1D, and 19 UH-lC. The OH-23G support was that of com-

command and control, reconnaisance, artillery adjustment, and liaison between

the regiment and the squadrons. The UH-1D aircraft were employed primarily

for command and control, the insertion and extraction of the Long Range

Reconnaissance Patrol, and the daily Blackhorse courier flight. The UH-lC

gunships were deployed to all areas where elements of the regiment antici-

pated or were experiencing enemy contact. In addition, these aircraft

provided convoy cover and reconnaissance and strip alert for Ynortar retali-

ation.

(2) Training: In-country orientation and training of newly-assign-

ed aviators was, completed before these personnel were released for opera-

tional missions. Instrument training was conducted in the UH-1D when mis-

sion commitments permitted. Nine aviators completed the USARV qualifica-

tion course on the OH-6H aircraft at Vung Tau. At the end of the quarter,

each squadron had two qualified OH-6A pilots, and there were four qualified

OH-6A pilots in the Air Cavalry Troop.

(3) Construction: Significant new construction during the quarter included the new ten-point POL, facility located at the edge of the airstrip

parking apron on the northeast side of the taxi-way.

(4) Safety: Safety and correct pilot and crew techniques were

stressed during the quarter. The limitation of one passenger per OH-23G

aircraft was maintained. Emphasis was placed on the hazards of approaches

and landngs in rough, hastily cleared locations which were frequently en-

countered in the areas of operation. Dust was a particular hazard during

the reporting period, and much commnand emphasis was placed on methods of

overcoming its dangers.

(5) Results: (See Army Aviation Statistical Summary, Incl 4.)

c. Chemical:

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

(1) General: The chemical support of regimental operations was

provided by the 33rd Chemical Detachment until 15 Mar 68 when the detach-

ment was reassigned to the Provisional Corps, Vietnam. The regimental

chemical section (1 CPT, 1 E-7, and 1 E-5) was augmented with two addition-

al personnel (E-3), two E63 personnel detectors (modified), and two M9

power driven decontaminating apparatuses.

(2) A total of 11 E-63 Personnel Detector missions were conducted.

(3) During the reporting period, 150 hectares of the base camp

perimeter were defoliated.

(4) On 10 Apr 68 three E-158 CS Canister Clusters were employed (with unknown results) in conjunction with a sniffer mission.

d. Air Force: During this quarter, the Tactical Air Control Party

(TACP) provided continuous support to the Blackhorse Regiment. While

providing support to the 3rd Squadron on Operation ADAIRSVILLE, great

success was realized in using tactical aircraft to route entrenched enemy

troops. While supporting the regiment during Operation TOAN THANG, the

Forward Air Controllers developed numerous targets for destruction by

artillery and air. They also provided close support when required.

During this quarter, the FAC Command track remained co-located with the

Regimental Command Post while the pilots flew out of Blackhorse using

Song Be as a reœueling stop. (See Air Force Statistical Summary, Incl 5.)

e. Engineer Activity:

(1) General: During the reporting period, elements of the 919th

Engineer Company (Armored) participated in Operations ADAIRSVILLE, ALCORN

COVE, and TOAN THANG, while providing direct combat engineer support to

elements of the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment.

(2) Operations:

(a) ADAIRSVILLE: With the outbreak of the TET offensive,

the elements of the 919th Engineer Company (Armored) moved with the 11th

ACR into the Long Binh-Bien Hoa area. The 1st Platoon, 919th Engineers,

was given the mission of emplacing 3,000 meters of barrier material around

"Widows Village", (YT0511), consisting of one belt of triple standard con-

certina. The 3rd Platoon gave direct support to the 2nd Squadron while it

conducted operations north of Bien Hoa along the Dong Nai River. The pla-

toon built approaches and assisted in one of the largest assault river

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

crossings to date on 17 Mar at YT041186. The platoon assisted in the

crossing of some 150 vehicles through the use of Landing Craft Medium

(LCM) boats. Both track and wheeled vehicles were enabled to cross

the river The 3rd Platoon participated in operations with the 3rd

Squadron east of Long Binh and south of Highway 1 and destroyed some

50 enemy fortifications. Elements of the 919th Engineers provided

continuing combat support on Operation ADAIRSVILLE while participating

in reconnaissance in force operations.

On 3 Mar the 3rd Squadron, accompanied by the 2nd Platoon, 919th Engi-

neers, moved west of Saigon to Vinh Loc and then farther west to Duc

Hoa, to support the 25th ARVN Infantry Division. During reconnaissance

in force operations, the platoon destroyed over 1500 enemy fortifications.

The platoon also received the mission of building helicopter revetments.

During this period, the 3rd Platoon, accompanying the 2nd Squadron, 11th

ACR, was on operations in the Iron Triangle. The platoon discovered and

destroyed 100 enemy bunkers and 115 feet of tunnel complexes. The pla-

toon prepared and supervised the launching of Armored Vehicle Launched

Bridges at some 30 sites. During this period, the 1st Platoon conducted

mine sweeping operations south of Blackhorse Base Camp, in the vicinity

of Cam My. The platoon found seven anti-tank mines, which were destroyed.

The roads and culverts between Blackhorse Base Camp and Cam My were re-

paired.

(b) TOAN THANG: On 15 Apr the Headquarters, 1st and 2nd Squad-

rons, and elements of the 919th Engineers moved to conduct operations in

the Song Be area. This operation was unique in that 75% of the route from

Phuoc Vinh to the Regimental Alternate Command Post (Bunard), in the Song

Be area, had not been traveled in more than 15 years. Several obstacles

were encountered, including blown bridges and bomb craters. The 1st Pla-

toon, utilizing the company's organic M48A3 tank-dozer, prepared sites

and supervised the launching of three AVLB's on the initial move into the

area. In conjunction with this operation, the 2nd Platoon prepared site~

and supervised the launching of two AVLB's. The regiment moved 130 miles

in less than 20 hours, on a road that had not been used in over a decade.

The elements of the company provided direct combat engineer support in

reconnaissance in force operations, destroying over 300 enemy fortifica-

tions. With the movement of the 11th ACR back through War Zone D, the

company was given the mission of negotiating all obstacles, and moving

the regimental elements through with speed. The 1st Platoon assisted in

launching 14 AVLB's as well as preparing two ford sites.

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68. RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

(3) Regional Force/Popular Force Upgrading and Training: The

company continued its upgrading support by releasing over 300 rolls of

concertina and provided technical assistance in the placement of this

material

(4) Base Camp Development: The rear detachment during this

period accomplished extensive work on the perimeter of Blackhorse Base

Camp. The barrier materials were replaced and over 1000 meters of field

of fire were cleared around the perimeter.

f. Signal

(1) One significant organizational change took place during the

reporting period with the formation of a Regimental Message/Communications

Center. This has provided the regiment with better control in handling

all incoming and outgoing messages.

(2) Upon receipt of the first increment of the AN/GRC-106 SSB

Radios (17 each), the Regimental Command/Air Request Net (Voice) and the

Regimental Administrative/Logistical Net (Voice) were established. These

two nets provided a long-range voice radio capability and have reduced

the voice traffic volume on the FM radio nets. The formation of the Ad-

ministrative/Logistical Net (Voice) also provided the squadrons with the

capability of contacting base camp from their field locations.

6. (C) COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT:

a. General: During this quarter, the 29th Support Croup continued

to provide logistical support to the regiment. The 551st Light Mainte-

nance Company and the 506th Supply and Service Company provided point

distribution of Classes I through IV of supply. Class V was supplied

by the 3rd Ordnance Battalion. During Operation ADAIRSVILLE, water and

ice were obtained from the Long Binh Post, and Class III was drawn from

the 266th Supply and Service Battalion. During Operation TOAN THANG,

Class III was drawn from the 229th Supply and Service Company at Phuoc

Vinh.

b. Supply and Naintenance:

(1) Class I:

(a) Support was generally excellent during the reporting

period. Minor problems were encountered in the procurement of fresh

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

vegetables, coffee, and certain condiments, but these difficulties were

resolved.

(b) During Operation TOAN THANG, field units received A

rations for the noon meal only.

(c) Water for the Forward Command Post during Operation

TOAN THANG was provided by a 600-gallon per hour portable purification

unit located at Bunard.

(2) Class II and IV:

(a) During this quarter, the regiment replaced the M48A3

tanks with the M48A2 series. A total of 54 M48A2 tanks were drawn.

(b) In order to facilitate the refueling of the M48A2 re-

placements, one M49C fuel truck was also drawn by each squadron.

(c) Twenty-three Ml13A1 vehicles were received during the

quarter to replace combat vehicle losses sustained.

(d) During Operation TOAN THANG, barrier materials were

flown to Bunard in C130 aircraft. 30,000 sandbags, 4 sleeves of concer-

tina wire, and 24 sections of culvert material arrived to be utilized

by troops in the forward area.

(3) Class III and V:

(a) Operations made during Operation TOAN THANG revealed that

an M48A2 tank consumed only one-half the amount of fuel during a reconnais-

sance in force mission than originally calculated. Approximately 2,500

gallons of Mogas were consumed daily instead of the 5,000 gallon projected

figure.

(b) 7.62 linked ammunition, cal. .50 ammunition, and 90mm

canister rounds were the Class V items in greatest demand during the quar-

ter. Resupply of Class V items was satisfactory during the reporting period.

(4) Aerial Resupply:

(a) The regiment averaged very few sorties during Operations

ADAIRSVILLE and ALCORN COVE as wheeled vehicles resupplied all elements.

However, during Operation TOAN THANG, an average of 39 sorties was flown

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

each day, as the 1st and 3rd Squadrons were in areas inaccessible to wheeled

vehicles. The wheeled vehicles were located in the trains area in Phuoc

Vinh. All resupply from Phuoc Vinh to Bunard was accomplished by air. CH-

47 helicopters and Cl3O aircraft were utilized and were immediately respon-

sive to the needs of the regiment.

(b) Five CH-54 Skycrane missions were flown during Operation

TOAN THANG. Two damaged ACAV's were retrieved, and three flame-thrower ser-

vice units were lifted out to Bunard.

(5) Maintenance:

(a) Maintenance support was provided by the 551st Light Main-

tenance Company during the entire period. Contact teams remained with each

squadron during all field operations.

(b) Problem areas during the quarter were the unavailability

of filters (fuel, oil, air) for combat vehicles, the unavailability of re-

placement generators of less than 15 KW capacity, and the unavailability

of M60 machineguns and replacement parts.

c. Medical:

(1) The health of the command was excellent throughout the quarter. No abnormalities pertaining to the morale or psychological effectiveness of

the men were noted. This was particularly noteworthy since the majority of

the command had been on continuous field operations during the reporting

period.

(2) The regiment sustained 94 injuries as a result of hostile action

and 104 injuries not as a result of hostile action.

(3) There were 8 cases of malaria (1 Vivax and 7 Falciprium) during the quarter. Seven of these cases occurred in February.

(4) Throughout the quarter the 45th Air Ambulance Company provided

the regiment with smooth and efficient air evacuation service. Of signifi-

cant note was the outstanding dust off service provided to the Blackhorse

Base Camp. This service which was reinstated on 23 Mar having been discon-

tinued in Dec 67 was particularly appreciated by the regiment.

(5) The facilities of the 12th, 24th, 36th and 93rd Evacuation Hos-

pitals as well as the 3rd Field Hospital and 7th Surgical hospital were util-

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AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

ed by the regiment during the quarter. The medical companies of the 1st

Medical Battalion and the 326th Medical Battalion provided support to the

units in Field locations.

(6) A preventive dentistry program (in conjunction with the Combat

Rehabilitation of All Platoons - CRAP) was initiated in each squadron aid

station to insure regular and adequate dental care.

7. (FOUO) PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATION:

a. General: At the close of the quarter the operational strength of

regiment was 101% of authorized strength. Replacements were generally

well qualified. The shortage of Armored Personnel Specialists (MOS 11D)

was somewhat relieved through the replacement stream and the reclassifica-

tion of personnel MOS, particularly 11B and 11D. The infusion program

operated smoothly. Approximately 254 EM in grades El through E6 were in-

fused with the 9th Infantry Division and the Americal Division.

b. Strength:

(1) Strength figures by the month were as follows:

AUTH ASGD PDT

February 4157 4239 4133

March 4123 4182 4076

April 4126 4187 4091

(2) Hospital Returnees: During the quarter, 237 personnel were

returned to duty after being hospitalized. This figure does not include

those personnel who were treated and released immediately.

(3) Casualties:

WIA KIA MIA NBD NBW

February 73 13 0 0 9

March 177 12 0 2 8

April 77 9 0 0 21

23

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

c. MOS Shortages: During the reporting period, shortages existed in

the 11D series. To offset this, 11B and 11D MOS were substituted with suc-

cessful results and without impairing the combat readiness of the regiment.

Many of these personnel were reclassified as 11D) after serving 60 days in

this MOS.

d. Replacements: The quality of the replacements remained at an ac-

ceptable level. The training cycles conducted by the replacement training

school provided thorough indoctrination of replacements who were being used

in other than their primary MOS. A primary purpose of the replacement train-

ing school was acclimating personnel to their new environment and condition-

ing their initial apprehensions of being in a combat zone. The basic pro-

grain was designed to provide refresher training in basic skills and an ori-

entation which emphasizes troop leading procedures, tactics, and safety

procedures.

e. Services:

(1) Religious: During the quarter, a total of 364 religious Ser-

vices were conducted with total attendance of 8768. In addition to the re-

ligious services, 142 confessions, 229 communions, and 12 memorials were

conducted. The 364 services were divided as follows: 217 Catholic services.

and 147 Protestant services. Jewish services were centered around trips

to Bearcat for recent Jewish holidays. The chaplains, along with the S-1,

Coordinated with the Jewish Center at Bearcat for the three-day observance.

A memorial service was held on 12 April in memory of the men who had died

since 1 November 1967. The 9th Division Band participated in the service.

The five chaplains made 70 hospital visits, 207 visits to men's quarters,

241 visits to the troop training and duty areas, and conducted 448 inter-

views and counseling sessions. The increase over the last quarter in

visits to the troop training and duty areas was due primarily to the Easter

Season.

(2) Red Cross: For the three month period ending 30 April, the

Red Cross Field Unit at Blackhorse handled 1210 cases. In addition, three

loans for a total of $350.00 were made. No grants were made during the

quarter. A total of 112 emergency cases were processed.

(3) Red Cross Clubmobile: The Red Cross Clubmobile made 107 vis-

its in February) 105 in March, and 117 in April. These visits included trips

to the 24th and 93rd Evacuation Hospitals in Long Binh as well as visits to

the wards of the 7th Surgical Hospital and 37th Medical Company.

24

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

Throughout the quarter the Clubmobile continued its program of obtaining

the birthdates of men in each unit who had birthdays during the month.

From this list the fled Cross girls prepared and delivered the cards.

A program was initiated during the quarter in which the Red Cross girls

attended the Blackhorse Replacement Training School for one hour each

week to inform the new personnel of the Red Cross facilities and services

available.

(4) Postal: The 7th APU handled 904 pouches of incoming mail to

include 4632 sacks and 1162 oversized packages. Outgoing mail included

1003 pouches, 1234 sacks, and 788 oversized packages. A total of $l,660,

606.82 worth of money orders were sold for a total fee of $8585.50.

Stamp sales totaled $26,310.60, and a total of ll80 pieces of registered

mail and 847 pieces of insured mail were processed.

(5) Special Services: During the quarter Special Services pro-

vided seven theatres with movies. Approximately 600 movies were shown

with an average attendance of 150 per showing. Whenever the tactical

situation pernitted, movies were sent to the field locations.

Ed Begley conducted a well-received handshake tour on 24 Mar. The RFC

Hollywood Country and Western Show was presented on 21 Apr in the Amphi-

theatre attended by approximately 600 personnel.

The Special Services conducted a volleyball tournament among the six

supporting units of Blackhorse Base Camp, which was won by the 27th En-

gineer Battalion.

(6) Post Exchange: During the quarter the Blackhorse Post Ex-

change was greatly improved. Security was increased and warehousing

facilities were expanded. The PX was remodeled to present a cleaner and

neater appearance. A ventilation system was installed to provide cus-

tomer comfort. The snack bar increased its variety of foods and bever-

ages. (See PX Sales Figures Inclosure 6.)

f. Morale: A high level of morale continued throughout the quarter.

The improved PX, snack bar, and Special Services activities directly con-

tributed to the men's high morale.

g. Awards and Decorations:

25

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

Submitted Approved Pending Pending

(This Qtr) (Last Qtr)

MOH 1 0 1 0

DSC 1 1 1 0

DSM 1 0 1 0

LM 4 1 3 0

SS 22 11 14 1

DFC 7 5 4 0

SM 13 2 14 0

BS 225 189 91 8

AM 350 367 195 18

ACM 241 192 141 5

In addition, 149 Purple Hearts were awarded.

h. Prisoners of War: The Blackhorse detachment of the 720th Military

Police Battalion processed 12 detainees during the quarter. Of these none

was deemed a prisoner of war.

i. Mainteiiance of Discipline, Law, and Order:

(1) Courts Martial: During the quarter, the following courts mar-

tial were processed:

Tried Pending

General 2 2

Special 5 0

Summary 7 1

(2) Serious Incidents: There were no serious incidents reported.

26

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

(3) During the quarter, the largest number of MP reports concerned

traffic violations, with larceny second. Formal MP patrols continued a-

round the base camp. No change in incident statistics was noted during

the quarter.

j. problems: There were no significant problems noted during the quar-

ter.

(8). (FOUO) PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS:

a. General: The PSYOP program supported regimental combat operations

in Bien Hoa, Long Khanh, Hau Nghia, and Phuoc Long Provinces during the

quuarter. There were fewer missions than usual due to the fact that during

TET counteroffensive in February and much of March, the regiment had

no area of operations, and squadrons were under the operational control of

other units.

b. Fifty-eight aerial leaflet missions were flcwn, during which 3,599,

600 leaflets were dropped in support of operations. These leaflets consist-

ed primarily of rally appeals (Chieu Hoi Program), safe conduct passes, re-

ward leaflets, and announcements concerning the Viet Cong mining of civilian

vehicles during and immediately after the TET offensive. Two ground missions

distributed 9000 JUSPAO Newsletters, safe conduct passes, rally instructions,

and sanitation leaflets during MEDCAPS. During 57 of the aerial missions,

a combined quarterly total of 40 hours and 15 minutes of loudspeaker broad-

casts were made. Most tapes were produced by the supporting PSYOP Field

Team and regimental interpreters and covered specific incidents or situations.

Ten and one-half hours of ground loudspeaker broadcasts were also made during

MEDCAP missions.

c. Only one rallier reported to the regiment during this quarter; he

was a returning ARVN soldier who had been captured by the Viet Cong a short

time before.

d. The attitude of the majority of the population of Long Khanh Prov-

ince remained generally favorable toward the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment.

However, fear of the Viet Cong or apathy continued to hamper efforts of

collecting detailed information of immediate tactical value. The regiment

did not operate in Binh Thy Province during this quarter.

9. (FUOU) CIVIC ACTION

a. General: extensive operations outside the provinces of Long Khanh

27

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

and Binh Tuy, the Regimental Tactical Area of Interest (TAOI) caused a

reduction in the civic action projects during this quarter. Because of

operations in relatively unpopulated areas and the intensity of operations

during the VC TET orrensive, the number or MEDCAP missions conducted was

limited. During the quarter, 35 MEDCAP were conducted, treating 2,250

patients.

b. Civic Action:

(1) During the quarter, the following commodities were distributed:

Item Quantity

Fertilizer (captured) 19,000 lbs

Rice (captured) 11,536 lbs

Food stuffs 10,280 lbs

Sandbags 2,300

Scrap lumber 172,550 board ft

Clothing 30 lbs

Used tin sheets 2,507 sheets

School kits 200

Bulger wheat l900 lbs

Cement 68 bags

Culverts 40 - 18" sections

(2) The majority or these materials were used for the relief of

TET offensive refugees without food or housing. Revolutionary Develop-

ment Teams and local villagers performed the actual construction.

(3) The regiment supported the 52nd Ranger Battalion Dependent

Housing Project with quantities of tin and cement. This project was be-

gun in July 1967 and had progressed slowly until February 1968 when the

TET offensive halted all construction. Since March the regiment provided

28

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 ROS CSFOR-65 (R1)

50,000 VN$ per month from its civic action fund to purchase cement for this

project. Used tin was also supplied as roofing material. This aid will

continue until all the projected houses are completed. All actual construc-

tion labor was performed by the ARVN Rangers.

(4) The regiment provided 200 sheets of tin to victims of an acci-

dental Vietnamese Air Force bombing of Xuan Loc on 5 Apr 68. Other material

for the rebuilding or homes came from Long Khanh MACCORDS.

(5) On 24 Apr the regiment provided 60,000 VN$ from the civic ac-

tion fund to drill four wells for new RF outposts on National Highway 1.

(6) The regiment collected 35,750 VN$ for the TET Aggression Re-

lief Project (TARP), of which 7,000 VN$ were spent. The remainder or the

funds will be reserved for future civic action projects since it was not

needed in Long Khanh or Binh Tuy Provinces at this time.

d. Impact Program:

(1) General: Support and improvement or RF/PF outposts continued

during the quarter. The VC TET offensive had one beneficial result: it im-

proved the receptiveness of provincial outposts toward regimental support.

A shortage or sandbags throughout the quarter hindered the repair of out-

post bunkers.

(2) The following types and amounts or building material were

devoted to the Impact Program during the Quarter:

Barbed Wire (rolls) Concertina (rolls) Pickets Sandbags GP Tents

174 493 1,333 95,400 2

Tin Roofing (sheets) Trip Flares Lumber (bd ft) Claymores M-79

984 315 37,500 176 432

55-gallon Drum 155mm Ammo 155mm Illum Grenades M-72 LAW

62 800 l84 253 45

(3) Status or RF/PF Outposts: At the beginning of the quarter

(1 Feb) and at the end or the quarter (30 Apr) the following number of

RF/PF outposts were classified as shown: (See Standards of Evaluation

29

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 ROS CSFOR (R1)

of RF/PF Outposts, Incl 7.)

Long Khanh Province Dinh Tuy Province

1 Feb 30 Apr 1 Feb 30 Apr

Category A 3 8 0 0

Category B 16 19 7 8

Category C 14 8 1 1

Category D 5 2 1 1

10. (U) INFORMATION:

a. General:

(1) The events of the quarterly period provided the best news

material available to the 17th Public Information Detachment since the

11th Armored Cavalry Regiment arrived in Vung Tau in the fall of 1966.

The detachment provided a quantity of printed and photographic releases

far excelling any other quarterly period.

(2) Operating in the regimental field location, the detachment

provided escort for civilian newsmen representing the press, radio and

television. Because of this outside coverage, and as a result of daily

operational summaries provided to USARV Information Office by the de-

tachment, the regiment's activities were reported in numerous major and

local stateside newspapers.

(3) A feature story on the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment's

move into Operation ADAIRSVILLE, written upon request from the II Field

Force Information Office, appeared in the April 1968 Hurricane magazine

and has been accepted for future publication in Armor and Army Digest,

both army-wide publications.

(4) 17th Public Information Detachment photographs from Opera-

tion ADAIRSVILLE were featured in double-page spreads in both The Army

Reporter and The Saigon Post newspapers, as were individual photographs.

b. Statistical Summary:

30

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

(1) A total of 527 hometown news releases (DA Form 1526) were

forwarded by 17th PID to the Army Home Town News Center.

(2) A USARV tape team interviewing Blackhorse troopers reached

their goal of 150 interviews conducted, all of which were forwarded to

Army Home Town News Center.

(3) A total of 44 news releases and 68 photo releases were given

general distribution.

(4) A total of 30 news representatives were provided support.

(5) A total of 20 formal press interviews or briefings held by

commanders and key staff officers were arranged for the benefit of these

visiting news personnel.

11. (C) BASE CAMP DEVELOPMENT:

a. Development:

(1) The Blackhorse Regiment was absent from base camp during

the reporting period. The 27th Engineer Battalion (C) continued to

provide horizontal construction for self-help billets and other con-

struction up to mid-March when the battalion began preparation for PCS

on 30 Mar. The other major engineer projects and their status

follow:

(a) Airfield parking apron - 50% complete.

(b) Airfield drainage basin - completed by PA&E.

(c) Ten-point helicopter refueling station - constructed by 27th

Engr Bn and put into operation by the 506th S&S Co.

(d) Supply warehouses - completed one each for the engineer bat-

talion area and the 1st Squadron.

(e)Service club - site prepared.

(f) Two-story billet - began as a pilot model for future self-

help building by two units on base camp.

(g) Concrete maintenance pads - suspended.

31

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R)

(2) In order that development would not come to a complete stand-

still, a platoon of the 36th Engineer Battalion (C) was stationed at Black-

horse until the arrival of the 31st Engineer Battalion (C) on 20 Apr. The

platoon, with limited equipment, provided some horizontal construction

enabling units to continue the self-help billet program and in addition

continued the vertical construction of the two-story billets.

(3) PA&E completed 63 job order requests in the amount of $58,l28.00

and applied asphalt surface treatment to 70% of the interior road network.

In addition the drainage system was improved with work on ditches, culverts,

and headwall.

(4) The 27th Engineer Battalion was permitted to employ no more

than 25% of the total battalion effort on base camp development. For the

first two weeks of March this effort increased to approximately 35% but

fell off sharply on receipt of PCS orders to less than 20% and in the last

week of March, to less than 10%.

32

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

SECTION II - LESSONS LEARNED

Commander's Observations, Evaluations, and Recommendations

1. (C) LESSONS LEARNED:

a. personnel: None

b. Operations:

(1) OBSERVATION: Contact in jungle areas.

EVALUATION: An assessment of the strength and disposition of

an enemy in a heavily forested area when contact is made is extremely diffi-

cult. All combat power available cannot be concentrated on the area of con-

flict, and the enemy is able to make excellent use of tank-killer teams to

delay the advance of armored units. Dismounted infantry should be employed

to precede, flank, and be integrated throughout an advancing armor formation

to: provide necessary security, reduce the possibility of an ambush, nullify

the effectiveness of enemy tank-killer teams, and give a better estimate of

the enemy's disposition.

(2) OBSERVATION: The troop/company-sized night ambush.

EVALUATION: When intelligence indicates that there are numer-

ous VC resupply activities at night, it was determined that an aggressive

ambush plan will disrupt this activity. The technique used was to position

an ACAV troop and an ARVN company astride the known resupply route. This

force would not move into position until dusk. Upon arrival at a preselect-

ed patrol base, the ARVN infantry would establish platoon-sized ambush pa-

trols. An ACAV platoon would be assigned as a reaction force for each am-

bush, and four to six US personnel equipped with a PRC-25 radio and a star-

light scope would be sent with each ambush platoon to maintain US communi-

cation with the patrol base.

RECCOMENDATION: This technique, which proved successful on

nine different occasions, should be used more frequently to counter VC night

resupply movements.

(3) OBSERVATION: Use of the armored vehicle launched bridge (AVLB)

in the dry season.

EVALUATION:' On occasion in certain areas during the dry season

33

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

there is a limited need for the organic AVLB. The following field exped-

ients were used successfully. One bridge and its launcher were located

with a squadron CP. The bridge was positioned to provide overhead cover

for the underground TOC. This partially eliminated the need to carry ex-

cessive quantities of fortification materials. The launcher was then

equipped with a towbar and used to assist in the battlefield recovery of

disabled vehicles, allowing the combat vehicles to remain in battle. To

conserve tank combat strength another AVLB was used to precede squadron

resupply convoys between Duc Hoa and Tan Son Nhut. It was used because

intelligence indicated that any mines encountered along the route would

be small but sufficient to destroy a wheeled vehicle. The launcher would

detonate the mine with minimum damage.

(4) OBSERVATION: Problem of forcing CS gas into VC tunnels.

EVALUATION: When checking VC tunnel complexes with CS gas,

it is often difficult to get gas to flow through the tunnel. One solution

is to throw one CS grenade into the tunnel and follow it with a fragmenta-

tion grenade which lands between the CS grenade and the tunnel entrance.

The ensuing explosion will cause the gas to be blown through the tunnel

complex.

c. Training: None

d. Intelligence:

(1) OBSERVATION: Intelligence indicators.

EVALUATION: During the 3rd Squadron llth ACR operations

while in direct support of the 25th Infantry Division (ARVN) near Duc Hoa,

there were several indicators available to the aerial observers in deter-

mining whether fortified hamlets were occupied by the VC. Some of the

indicators which suggested the presence of VC were: the lack of cattle

around the hamlet; makeshift houses in the rice paddies surrounding the

hamlet; the presence of chickens without people tending them.

RECOMENDATION: That aerial observers be alerted to the fore-

going indicators of enemy activity.

(2) OBSERVATION: Tide data for inland rivers.

EVALUATION: Elements of the regiment have conducted river

crossing operations on inland rivers in the II Field Force area twice during

34

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

the past quarter. In both operations, the rivers had tidal changes of

three to four feet that greatly influenced the speed and manner in which

the crossings were conducted. The nearest tidal information was for the

Saigon River at Saigon. Although both rivers flowed into the Saigon River,

the Saigon tidal chart bore no correlation to the tides at the crossing

sites.

RECOMMENDATI0N: That a study of the river tides in the II

Field Force Area be made and disseminated down to regiment level.

e. Logistics:

(1) OBSERVATI0N: A need exists for a full-tracked vehicle to

transport the flamethrower service unit for each organic M132A1 Flame-

thrower.

EVALUATION: On Operation TOAN THANG while the regiment was

operating in terrain untrafficable to wheeled vehicles, it was found that

the employment of the flamethrowers was extremely limited. The track-

mounted flamethrower could not be accompanied in combat operations by its

service unit which was mounted on a 2 1/2-ton truck. The wheeled vehicles

were located in the trains area in Phuoc Vinh during the operation and could

not negotiate the terrain into the battle areas around Bunard. It was

necessary to airlift the service units by C-130 aircraft or CH-54 helicop-

ters to a forward support area. This was a time-consuming and costly man-

ner of resupply. In order to fully utilize the combat capability of the

flamethrower, a service unit must be immediately responsive for resupply.

The M548 Cargo Carrier which has the capacity to negotiate the same ter-

rain as the M132Al Flamethrower can best be utilized to provide this re-

supply.

RECOMMENDATI0N: That nine M548 Cargo Carriers each equipped

with a flamethrower service unit be issued to the 11th ACR.

(2) OBSERVATION: The level of fill of the Prescribed Load List

(PLL) has been inadequate.

EVALUATION: In the past several months, the fill for the PLL

has remained at appromimately 50%. Each squadron has about l500line items;

during this quarter, about 750 lines were at zero balance. During this

period of extensive field operations, the need was ever present for ade-

quate PLL. Far too many vehicles were deadlined because of the lack of PLL

items. With only half of the PLL on hand, sustained combat operations were

35

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

hampered.

RECOMMENDATION: That immediate attention be given to raising

signficantly the level of fill for PLL items.

(3) OBSERVATION: Self-service supply.

EVALUATION: The Self-service Supply Store for Blackhorse

Base Camp is operated by the 506th Supply and Service Company. The store

carries 720 separate items of supply. At the end of the quarter, 536 of

these items were at zero balance. As a result, the units of Blackhorse

Base Camp were without the very basic office supplies necessary for day

to day operation. Requisitions for the needed items have been submitted

to the 506th Field Depot but have remained unfilled. The service provided

by this store during this quarter showed little improvement over the ser-

vice provided in July 1967 when the store was first opened.

RECOMMENDATION: That immediate action be taken to fill the

outstanding requisitions of the Self-service Supply Store.

f. Organization:

(1) OBSERVATI0N: The lith Armored Cavalry Regiment has a definite

requirement for a support battalion such as those organic to all other sep-

arate brigade-sized organizations in Vietnam.

EVALUATION: While this void may have been partially filled by

the assignment of a 1st Logistical Command Supply and Service Company and

a Light Maintenance Company to the Blackhorse Base Camp, this solution is

not satisfactory. The regiment has no control over the staffing of these

two organizations, nor can it direct the efforts of the companies into areas

of priority based on the regiment's assessment of its requirements. These

are area support units which support other organizations in addition to the

11th Armored Cavalry Regiment and, therefore, are limlted in what they can

send to the field to support the regiment during field operations. When

separated by distance from the Blackhorse Base Camp, all logistical paper-

must be returned from the field location for processing. Spare parts

supply, salvage of equipment, and pickup of issue all become major trans-

portation problems under this concept. Personnel, finance, and other ad-

administrative matters should be coordinated in an organic administrative

company. The need for an immediately responsive support battalion was es-

pecially prevalent during this period of extensive field operations. The

lack of such a support battalion seriously limits the mobility of the regi-

36

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

ment.

RECOMMENDATION: That a support battalion comparable to those

organic to oher brigade-sized organizations in Vietnam should be assigned

to the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment.

(2) OBSERVATION: There is a need in a Tank Company, Armored Cav-

alry Squadron, Armored Cavalry Regiment, for a M577 Carrier Command Post.

EVALUATION: The experience of over a year and a half of com-

bat operations by the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment in RVN proves that the

tank company commander needs a M577 Carrier Command Post. Habitually, squad

rons operate with four teams formed by cross-attachment among troops. Lack-

ing a M577 Carrier, the tank team commander is severely handicapped in com-

parison to the commander of an Armored Cavalry Troop. During this quarter

infantry companies were frequently attached to the cavalry squadrons. The

lack of a M577 Carrier in the tank company not only handicapped the tank

company commander but limited the flexibility of the squadron commander.

RECOMMENDATION: That the request for a M577 with crew in

proposed MTOE 17-27G for Tank Companies, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment,

submitted to the Commanding General, United States Army, Vietnam, on 21

Oct 67 be given immediate favorable attention.

g. Communications:

(1) OBSERVATION: The AN/VRC-29 RATT equipment is not satisfactory

for long-distance communications over 25 miles.

EVALUATION: The power (100 watts) of the AN/VRC-29 coupled

with the poor operating frequencies available make it extremely difficult

operate at distances over 25 miles. The only way communications can be

maintained is with the doublet antenna and by constant transmissions to

keep the frequency clear.

RECOMMENDATION: The AN/VSC-3 radio should be issued as soon

as possible and a quick erect antenna be adapted, possibly a 32-foot crank-

up whip antenna.

(2) OBSERVATION: A requirement exists to retransmit secure voice communications.

EVALUATION: The regiment often operates at great distances

37

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

from the control headquarters, thereby requiring FM radio retransmission

facilities. At the present time, no facilities exist to retransmit secure

voice. As ever increasing emphasis is being given to communications se-

curity and the use of secure voice PM equipment, this limitation becomes

constantly more serious.

RECOMMENDATION: That a secure voice retransmission capability

be provided the 11th ACR as soon as possible.

h. Medical:

(1) OBSERVATION: Inability to carry vaccine into the field due to

lack of portable refrigerators.

EVALUATION: Regimental and squadron aid stations are in need

of a portable refrigeration unit which would allow carrying vaccines in the

field during combat operations. Based on experience gained on long field

operations, mass immunizations can best be coordinated and administered from

the forward area aid station and not through base camp medical facilities.

RECOMMENDATION: A field vaccine refrigeration capability for

the regimental and squadron aid stations should be immediately provided.

i. Base Camp Development:

(1) OBSERVATION: There is a critical shortage of generators 60

KW and above at Blackhorse Base Camp.

EVALUATION: In the past eight months, PA&E has submitted job

order requests for 17 generators, 60 KW and above. During the quarter, one

150 KW, one 100 KW, and two 60 KW generators have been turned in for repair

or replacement. To date no action has been taken to replace these genera-

tors. The 7th Surgical Hospital does not have sufficient power to operate

mission essential equipment. The Class I refrigeration facility is opera-

ting with a generator in need of overhaul. One water point is not opera-

ting due to a lack of power. The other overworked water point is powered

by a generator on a temporary loan basis. The entire base camp is provided

with less than 1000 KW of power.

RECOMMENDATION: That action be taken immediately to provide

adequate power for Blackhorse Base Camp.

(2) OBSERVATION: A need exists for an engineer light equipment

38

AVIC-WE 10 May 1968

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

company with an asphalt distributing capability to be attached to the 31st

Engineer Battalion (C).

EVALUATI0N: The dust problem at Blackhcrse Base Camp is severe

and has had an adverse effect on aircraft availability. The requirement for

surface stabilization is urgent for maintenance areas, refueling point, taxi-

way, and parking apron. The base camp road networks need extensive mainte-

nance work for sanitation and safety reasons for both wet and dry seasons.

In addition such a canpany would be invaluable to the regiment's civic ac-

tion program and for (when available) assisting in upgrading the routes of

communication in the Xuan Loc - Blackhorse area.

RECOMMENDATI0N: That the 31st Engineer Battalion (C) be aug-

mented by an engineer light equipment company with asphalt distributing

equipment.

OBSERVATION: A need exists to camplete the program of hori-

zontal and vertical construction prior to the rainy season.

EVALUATION: The 27th Engineer Battalion (C) provided hori-

zontal construction for self-help billets and other construction until it

departed Blackhorse Base Camp on 30 Mar. At present there is a 10-12 bat-

talion-month backlog of authorized and directed engineer effort at Black-

horse. Unless this backlog is eliminated, all units will again have a large

percentage of personnel in tents throughout the entire rainy season. Fur-

ther, such engineer constructed facilities as the service club, aircraft

maintenance hangars, and track vehicle maintenance areas will continue to

be postponed.

RECOMMENDATION: That Headquarters, 31st Engineer Battalion (C)

remain at Blackhorse Base Camp and a minimum of two engineer companies be

utilized full time to reduce the engineer backlog at Blackhorse.

/s/

JOHN F MC ARDLE

LTC, Armor

Acting Commander

39

AVFBC-RE-H (10 May 1968) 1st Ind

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

DA, HQ II FFORCEV, APO San Francisco 96266 (Stamped 13 Jun 1968)

THRU: Commanding General, US Army Vietnam, ATTN: AVHGG(DST), APO 96375

Commander, US Army Pacific, ATTN: GPOP-OT, APO 96558

TO: Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development, Department of the

Army, Washington, D.C. 20310

1. (U) Subject report is forwarded.

2. (C) This headquarters has reviewed the Operational report - Lessons

Learned of the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment and concurs with it with the

following exceptions:

a. Para li (2), Section II. The attachment of a light equipment

company cannot be justified based upon the reasons cited. Blackhorse Base

Camp does have unusually severe dust problems due to the large amount of

tracked vehicle traffic on post. Paving of extensive on-post areas is not

considered justified at this time in light of the backlog of LOC paving

on National routes. The 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment could increase its

organic capability to control dust by obtaining an asphalt distributor or

similar equipment through one or a combination of the following means:

the ENSURE Program, a modification to the TOE or a temporary loan.

b. Para li (3), Section II. While 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment's

self help construction capability is less than that of other combat units

because of frequent requirements to operate away from its base camp, the

backlog at Blackhorse Base Camp is not seriously greater than at other

base camps. Base camp construction must continue to be of lower priority

than combat support and LOC construction and repair. There are insufficient

engineer assets in the force structure to assign an engineer battalion (-)

to the sole mission of base development support.

3. (C) With reference to para li (1), Section II, it should be noted

that generators continue to be in short supply throughout Vietnam. Base

camp demands have outstripped planning figures primarily because of a

continued growing demand for air conditioning, refrigeration and cooking

equipment. Maintenance capability of R and U contractor has also not

always lived up to expectations with the result that equipment failure

has exceeded normal US Army experience factors.

FOR THE COMMANDER:

/s/

O. B. FORY

1LT, AGC

Asst AG

AVHCC-DST (10 May 1968) 2d Ind (C) CPT Arnold/ms/LBN 4485

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

HEADQUARTERS, US ARMY VIETNAM, APO San Francisco 96375 (Stamped 3 JUL 1968)

TO: Commander in Chief, United States Army, Pacific, ATTN: GPOP-DT,

APO 96558

1. (U) This headquarters has reviewed the Operational Report-Lessons

Learned for the quarterly period ending 30 April 1968 from Headquarters,

1th Armored Cavalry Regiment.

2. (C) Comments follow:

a. Reference item concerning tide data for inland rivers, page 34,

paragraph 1d(l): Concur. The following actions have been taken to

obtain the required data.

(1) On 24 January 1968 the USARV Hydrographic Survey Team #1 (HST #1)

was activated.

(2) Tide staffs and recording tide gauges are being installed at

critical points in the inland waterway system.

(3) A plan is being formulated to perform hydrographic surveys of

inland waterways on a systematic basis. This data is being plotted on

1:25,000 scale monochrome pictomap bases suitable for Ozalid reproduc-

tion and distribution to using units. The hydro data will also be

incorporated into future editions of the printed pictomaps.

(4) The responsibility for collection and dissemination of tide

data currently rests with the US Navy but the subject is presently

under study by MACV.

b. Reference item concerning M548 Cargo Carriers M132A1 flame

thrower service unit, page 35, paragraph 2e(l). MTOE action has been

taken as part of Phase II Standardization to include the M548 carrier

with service unit in the flame thrower section of the HHT of each

Armored Cavalry Squadron. Approval of the MTOE will provide requisition

authority.

(41)

AVHGC-DST (10 May 1968) 2d Ind (C) (Stamped 3 Jul 1968)

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

c. Reference item concerning the level of fill of the PLL has been

inadequate, page 35, paragraph 2e(2): Concur. Repair parts support to

the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment is rendered by the 551st Light Mainten-

ance Company (DS), a 1st Logistical Command unit. A letter is being

prepared to let Logistical Command requesting an investigation of the

high level of zero balances and correction of the problem if responsi-

bility is within DSU or Depot; plus comparison of PLL's and ASL and rec-

onciliation or requisitions.

d. Reference item concerning self-service supply, page 36, paragraph

2e(3): Concur. The self-service supply store is operated by the 506th

Supply and Service Company, a subordinate unit of the 1st Logistical

Command. A letter will be sent to the 1st Logistical Command informing

them of this situation and directing them to take necessary action to

insure that adequate supplies are on hand at the self-service supply

store.

e. Reference item concerning a requirement for a support battalion,

page 36, paragraph 2f(l). A requirement for addtional combat service

support is recognized for the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment. However,

the suggested supoort battalion configuration is considered excessive for

the needs of the ACR. It is suggested that a survey be conducted to deter-

mine the essential support required. Upon completion of the survey avail-

able assets should be screened to satisfy the requirement.

f. Reference item concerning M577 carrier command post, page 37, para-

graph 2f(a). The tank company is authorized two M48A3 tanks in the head-

quarters section, plus three APC M113 in the company. Redistribution of

assets should accommodate the requirement.

g. Reference item concerning unsatisfactory long distance conmunication

using the AN/VRC-29, page 37, paragraph 2g. The family of HF RATT radio

equipment with which Army units in RVN are equipped is in the process of

being replaced. The 100 watt AN/VRC-29 is scheduled to be replaced by the

400 watt AN/VSC-3. Based on present shipping schedules and the current

priority of issue in USARV units, the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment should

receive the AN/VSC-3 equipment during the period August and September,

l968. It should be noted, however, the AN/VRC-29, is capable of operation

over distances far greater than 25 miles. Lack of successful operation

over greater distances than reported indicates a major frequency inter-

ference problem of long standing, a maintenance problem and/or a lack of

(42)

AVHGC-DST (10 May 1968) 2d Ind (C) (Stamped 8 JUL 1968)

SUBJECT: Operational Report of 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment for Period

Ending 30 Apr 68 RCS CSFOR (R1)

operator proficiency. Interference problems are to be reported in accord-

with USARV CEI item 56-4; none are known to have been reported by this

unit.

h. Reference item concerning secure voice retransmission facilities,

page 38, paragraph 2g(2). The KY-8 used in conjunction with the AN/VRC-l2

family of FM radio equipment has provided USARV units an FM secure voice

capability since the latter part of 1966. The introduction of the HYL-

3/TSEC into this command is planned for late FY-69 and early FY-70, based

on current service testing.

i. Reference item concerning inability to carry vaccine into the

field due to lack of portable refrigerators, page 38, paragraph 2h(l).

Action has been taken to authorize the issue of FSN 4110-707-2550, Refrig-

erator, Mechanical Biological. This 2.85 cubic foot capacity refrigerator

will adequately satisfy the requirement for refrigeration of vaccines when

units are deployed during combat operations.

FOR THE COMMANDER:

/s/

C. S. NAKATSUKASA

Captain AGC

Assistant Adjutant General

Copies furnished:

HQ, 11th ACR

HQ, II FFORCEV

(43)

GPOP-DT (10 May 1968) 3d Ind (U)

SUBJECT: Operational Report of HQ, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment

For Period Ending 30 April 1968, RCS CSFOR-65 (R1)

HQ, US Army, Pacific, APO San Francisco 96558 (Stamped 26 JUL 1968)

TO: Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development,

Department of the Army, Washington, D. C. 20310

This headquarters has evaluated subject report and forwarding

indorsements and concurs in the report as indorsed.

FOR THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF:

/s/

?? C. R. Shout ??

(44)

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Headquarters and Headquarters Troop

Air Cavalry Troop

919th Engineer Company (Armored)

37th Medical Company

506th Supply and Service Company (support)

551st Light Maintenance Company (Support)

1st Detachment, Company B, 72Oth Military Police Battalion

7th Army Postal Unit

17th Public Information Detachment

28th Military History Detachment

398h Transportation Detachment

9th Signal Detachment (Avionics Maintenance)

409th Radio Research Unit

541st Military Intelligence Detachment

5th Field Team, Company B, 6th PSYOP Battalion

202nd Military Intelligence Detachment

1st Squadron, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment

Headquarters and Headquarters Troop

A Troop

B Troop

C Troop

D Company

Howitzer Battery

2nd Squadron, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment

Headquarters and Headquarters Troop

E Troop

F Troop

G Troop

H Company

Howitzer Battery

3rd Squadron, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment

Headquarters and Headquarters Troop

I Troop

K Troop

L Troop

M Company

Howitzer Battery

Incl 1

(45)

During the reporting period (l Feb - 30 Apr) Hq, 11th ACR remained OPCON

to Hq, II Field Force, Vietnam.

The OPCON status or the squadron and subordinate units follows:

Hq, 1st Squadron, 11th ACR

DATE OPCON HQ

1 Feb - 30 Apr 11th ACR

Subordinate Units

(When Not OPCON to Hq, 1st Sqdn)

DATE UNIT OPCON HQ

2 - 5 Feb Trp A 1/18th Ihf, 1st Inf Div

5 - 10 Feb Trp B II FFV

10 - 20 Feb Trp B 4/39th Inf, 9th Inf Div

21 Feb - 8 Mar Trp C 11th ACR

8 - 14 Mar Trp C 199th Lt Inf Bde

26 Mar - 10 Apr Trp A 11th ACR

26 - 27 Mar Trp B 11th ACR

27 - Z8 Mar Trp B 101st Abn Div

25 Mar - 10 Apr Trp B 11th ACR

Hq, 2nd Squadron, 11th ACR

DATE OPCON HQ

1 - 2 Feb 11th ACR

2 - 18 Feb 101st Abn Div

18 Feb - 6 Mar 3de Bde, 101st Abn Div

6 - 22 Mar 199th Lt Inf Bde

22 Mar - 6 Apr 1st Inf Div

6 -30 Apr 11th ACR

Subordinate Units

(When Not OPCON to Hq, 2nd Sqdn)

DATE UNIT OPCON HQ

2 - 4 Feb Trp F 2/506th Inf

Incl 3

4 - 7 Feb Trp F 3/187th Inf

7 - 9 Feb Trp G 2/502nd Inf

7 - 13 Feb Trp E 3/327th Inf

24 Feb - 5 Mar Trp G 199th Lt Inf Bde

9 - 16 Mar Trp E 4/12th Inf

21 Mar - 6 Apr Trp F 1/26th Inf

Hq, 3rd Squadron, 11th ACR

DATE OPCON HQ

1 - 7 Feb 11th ACR

7 - 23 Feb 199 Lt Inf Bde

23 Feb - 1 Mar 25th Inf Div

1 Mar - 21 Apr 11th ACR

21 - 30 Apr 2nd Bde, 1st Inf Div

Subordinate Units

(When Not OPCON to Hq, 3rd Sqdn)

DATE UNIT OPCON HQ

1 - 11 Feb Trp K 1st Bde, 1st Inf Div

5 - 17 Feb Trp I 2nd Bde, 1st Inf Div

17 - 24 Feb Trp L 2nd Bde, 1st Inf Div

10 - 17 Mar Trp K 199th Lt Inf Dde

18 - 31 Mar Trp K 1st Sqdn, 11th ACR

1 - 10 Apr Trp K 1st Sqdn, 11th ACR

16 - 18 Apr Co M 1st Sqdn, 11th ACR

18 - 21 Apr Co M 1st Bn, 18th Inf

23 - 30 Apr Trp I 2nd Bn, 39th Armor

Incl 3

ARMY AVIATION STATISTICAL SUMMARY

1. Sorties Flown:

Command & Control Troop Lift Cargo Lift Casualty Evacuation

OH-23G 2750

UH-1D 635 555 70 40

Aerial Fire Support

& Reaction Forces Administrative Reconnaissance

OH-23G 290 46

UH-1C 2140 8

UH-1D 1790 82

Number of

Passengers Tons Cargo Hours Flown Fuel Consumed(in gal.)

OH-23G 1360 1410 23,970

UH-1C 1315 96,000

UH-1D 5170 75 1600 78,900

2. Results or Fire:

Feb Mar Apr Total

VC killed-confirmed 8 13 11 32

VC killed-estimated 31 93 24 148

Structures damaged 21 26 14 61

Structures destroyed 17 13 9 39

3. Ammunition Consumed:

7.62mm 2.75 inch 40mm

1,052,800 rounds 4070 rounds 7595 rounds

4. Aircraft Availability: (Expressed in percentage of assigned aircraft)

OH-23G UH-1D UH-1C

Feb 58 59 81

Mar 52 57 69

Apr 46 68 73

Incl 4

AIR FORCE STATISTICAL SUMMARY

1. 0-l Sorties:

VR FAC Total Hours

285 281 566 1160

2. Tactical Air Sorties:

Aircraft Number of Sorties

F100 274

F4C 16

B-57 4

C-47 4

A-1 4

A-37 70

3. Ordnance:

Type Number of Rounds

M-65 12

M-117 242

M-82 625

M-81 36

NAP 453

20mm 76,900

7.62 6,000

CBU 30

Rockets 78

4. Bomb Damage Assessment:

Category Quantity

KBA 104

KBA (Poss.) 84

Truck Bridge destroyed 1

Footbridge destroyed 1

Road plow destroyed 1

Bulldozer destroyed 1

Fuel barrels destroyed 6

Cal. .50 positions destroyed 8

Machinegun positions destroyed 4

Incl 5

Secondary fires 4

Secondary Explosions 15

Trails uncovered (in meters) 100

Bunkers destroyed 117

Bunkers uncovered 31

Spider holes opened 12

Trench opened (in meters) 430

Military structures damaged 7

Military structures destroyed 36

Hooches destroyed 16

Sampans destroyed 8

Structures destroyed 71

Structures damaged 10

Tunnel entrance uncovered 1

Incl 5